As a water treatment engineer, some basic knowledge you have to understand. What is the pretreatment of wastewater pretreatment to achieve what several purposes? What is the use of waste water pool? Why does the colloid particle in waste water not easy natural settlement? How to make colloidal particles precipitation?
As a water treatment engineer, some basic knowledge you have to understand:
一、Common index
1、Why sewage treatment?
2、What is ISO14000 (environmental management standards)?
3、How to implement the scientific management of environmental protection?
4、What is called “ environmental protection 110”?
5、Clean production management including those jobs?
6、Wastewater analysis why should often use COD and BOD these two pollution indicators?
7、What is COD (chemical oxygen demand)?
8、What is called BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand)?
9、What is the relationship between COD and BOD5?
10、What is the meaning of B/C? B/C?
11、What is pH?
12、Waste water analysis why often use mg / L (mg/L) this concentration unit?
二、Pretreatment of wastewater
13、What is the pretreatment of wastewater pretreatment to achieve what several purposes?
14、What is the use of waste water pool?
15、Why does the colloid particle in waste water not easy natural settlement?
16、Why does the colloid particle in waste water not easy natural settlement?
17、What is cohesion?
18、What is flocculation?
19、Wastewater why to use poly ferric flocculation adsorption pretreatment?
20、What is coagulation?
21、What is the adsorption?
22、What is called iron carbon treatment method?
23、Iron carbon water why should use the lime powder and processing?
24、How to estimate the production of chemical sludge?
三、Biochemical treatment of wastewater?
25、What is called wastewater biochemical treatment?
26、What is the way to decompose the organic pollutants in the waste water?
27、Microbes and what factors?
28、What is the most suitable microorganism in the temperature range of growth and reproduction?
29、What is the range of the most suitable pH conditions for microorganisms?
30、What is dissolved oxygen? What is the relationship between dissolved oxygen and microorganisms?
31、Why is the high concentration of salt containing wastewater a particularly large impact on microorganisms?
32、What is a good aerobic biochemical treatment? What is called aerobic biochemical treatment? What is the difference between the two?
33、What are the applications of biological treatment in wastewater treatment engineering?
34、What are the similarities and differences between biofilm and activated sludge process?
35、What is activated sludge?
36、How to evaluate the activated sludge process and the activated sludge process?
37、When using a microscope to observe the biological phase, that kind of microorganism directly showed that the biochemical treatment effect is good?
38、What is called a mixed liquid suspended solid (MLSS)?
39、What is a mixture of volatile suspended solids (MLVSS)?
40、Sludge sedimentation ratio (SV)?
41、Sludge index (SVI)?
42、What does dissolved oxygen (DO) represent?
43、The content of dissolved oxygen in wastewater and what factors?
44、Who will provide the oxygen required by microorganisms in the process of biochemistry?
45、Why do you need to add nutrients to the waste water in the process of biochemistry?
46、How much is the ratio of the nutrients required for microorganisms in wastewater?
47、Why is there a surplus sludge production?
48、How to estimate the production of excess sludge?
49、What is called the biological carbon method (PACT method)?
1、Why sewage treatment?
In general, when the environment and resources are destroyed, the imbalance of ecological balance, no more than ten years, decades, or even a hundred years, is difficult to restore, and sometimes can not be restored.
2、What is ISO14000 (environmental management standards)?
ISO14000 series standard is the environmental management standards developed by the international organization for standardization of Environmental Management Technical Committee and its guiding ideology is & ldquo; comprehensive management, pollution prevention, continuous improvement & rdquo;, the innovation of environmental management ideas and methods. ISO14000 is very strict standards and regulations, from purchasing raw materials to each of the production process and management aspects of both the corresponding check standard products factory, it from the system strictly prevent generation of pollutants in the production process and ensure the effective governance of pollutants. Wastewater treatment is only a part of the ISO14000 series standard. Currently ISO14000 series standards are some big cities and large enterprises in the country began pilot and implementation.
ISO14000 environmental quality certification is known as the international market recognition of the “ green passport ” who passed the certification, no doubt won the “ international pass ”. Many countries have announced that there is no environmental management certification of goods and products, will be subject to the restrictions on the quantity and price at the time of importation. Therefore, with the gradual convergence with the international market, ISO14000 environmental quality certification in the country to promote the implementation of all enterprises in the overall, as ISO9000 (quality management standards) as.
Therefore, from the angle of environmental management standards of we should not only efforts to do a good job pollution source at the end of the wastewater treatment, implementation of scientific management of environmental protection, to ensure the effluent discharge standards; should vigorously gas pay close attention to pollution sources in front of cleaner production management, pollution prevention, pollution reduction.
3、How to implement the scientific management of environmental protection?
Environmental protection has become China's economic sustainable development of the basic national policy, therefore, waste water treatment should be consistent with China's environmental protection laws and regulations and policies. In the planning and design of environmental protection, it is necessary to combine the production point of view with the ecological concept, environmental protection to consider, the treatment of waste water and improve the production process, the implementation of cleaner production combined to consider. Through the analysis and research of the system, to find a reasonable solution. The main principles of environmental management are summarized in the following points:
（1）Eliminate unreasonable products
For some traditional, low value, waste water treatment is difficult to be determined with high production value, high technical content of the product replacement. If the annual profit of a product is not worth the cost of the treatment of waste water every year, such products should be determined to stop production, less pollution and easy to control product standards.
（2）Strengthen management, reduce pollution
Enterprise management is also an important factor in the prevention and control of pollution. Such as equipment to run, run, drip, leak, not according to the rules of work caused by production accidents or scrap lead to large high concentration wastewater; with a lot of water washing equipment and the ground, resulting in increase of quantity of waste water; cooling water and wastewater treatment do not & ldquo; Qingzhuo shunt & rdquo;, will increase the difficulty of treatment of waste water and waste water.
（3）To establish a regional small sewage treatment plant
The plant is relatively concentrated place, do not have to apply the & ldquo; who pollution, who governs & rdquo; principle, but should strengthen the enterprise contact, considering the overall pollution control measures, if necessary and may, will each plant wastewater centralized treatment, the establishment of unified sewage treatment plant, the implementation of & ldquo; who pollution, who pay & rdquo; methods of governance. Because each plant due to the products of different wastewater is not same, such as some of the factory waste water is acidic, and some factory waste water is alkaline, put in together can reduce the processing cost of the drug and; some factories discharge of high salinity and low COD of wastewater, and some factory wastewater is high concentration biodegradation, if treated separately, was very difficult to control the wastewater, but if put together to make a biochemical treatment, due to improvements in water quality conditions can not only reduce the difficulty of the treatment of wastewater, and the treatment efficiency can be improved.
（4）Improve the recycling rate of water
In order to reduce the amount of waste water, first of all, it should be done in the source of waste water to do more articles. If you can take into account the recycling of water, or repeated use, improve the recycling rate of water, as far as possible to reduce the amount of external drainage. In foreign countries, some advanced enterprise water recycling rate has reached more than 96%, while the Shanghai production enterprise water recycling rate is still stuck in the lower level of 20-30%, there is still a lot of potential can be excavated. Increasing the recycling rate of the production water can not only reduce the environmental pollution, but also can reduce the amount of fresh water supplement, in a certain extent, it can ease the problem of water resources. In the treatment of wastewater, it should also be considered to deal with the recycling use of water.